Internal market knowledge sharing in medium-high-tech manufacturing company
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15678/EBER.2022.100207Abstract
Objective: The goal of this study is to verify new research model among medium-high-tech manufacturing companies. First of all, the model assumes the influence of both the market knowledge base itself, and the efficiency of internal market knowledge sharing on the competitiveness of analysed entities. Second of all, it analyses the impact of market knowledge perception within business entities and the openness of technical staff on internal market knowledge sharing efficiency.
Research Design & Methods: The survey consisted of five latent variables (constructs). The research was conducted by telephone among managers of medium-high-tech manufacturing companies in Poland. The sample consisted of 130 firms. The data was analysed using the PLS-SEM technique.
Findings: The research findings proved that both, market knowledge and market knowledge sharing efficiency, had a strong and significant influence on the competitiveness of medium-high-tech manufacturing companies. The results also showed that market knowledge perception and openness of technical staff had statistically significant influence on knowledge sharing efficiency in such companies.
Implications & Recommendations: Above all, the study implies that it is not the possession of market knowledge alone, but also importance of sharing this kind of knowledge internally. The article suggests factors that are important for market knowledge sharing, e.g. through properly trained and competent knowledge brokers that enable the examined businesses to gain a competitive edge. The efficiency of market knowledge sharing may be strengthened by putting more attention to market knowledge perception in the company and openness of technical staff.
Contribution & Value Added: This study adds to the research on sharing a specific type of knowledge, i.e. market knowledge, within business enterprises and influence of this process on companies’ competitiveness. Various factors important for efficient internal sharing of market knowledge have been proposed in the subject literature, however they have not been verified by quantitative research so far. Moreover, the study focuses on the oft-overlooked type of business entities, i.e. medium-high-tech manufacturing companies.
Keywords
knowledge, market knowledge, knowledge transfer, competitiveness, manufacturing
Author Biography
Marcin Soniewicki
Associate Professor at Poznań University of Economics and Business, Poland. In his research he focuses on the role of knowledge in processes of creating innovation by companies as well as increasing their competitiveness. He has published almost 40 original papers and two books.
Correspondence to: Marcin Soniewicki, Ph.D., Poznań University of Economics and Business, Poland, Department of International Marketing, al. Niepodległości 10, 61-875, Poznań, Poland
References
- Akhavan, P., Hosseini, S. M., Abbasi, M., & Manteghi, M. (2015). Knowledge-sharing determinants, behav-iors, and innovative work behaviors. Aslib Journal of Information Management, 67(5), 562-591. https://doi.org/10.1108/AJIM-02-2015-0018
- Alavi, M., & Leidner, D. E. (2001). Review: Knowledge management and knowledge management systems: Conceptual foundations and research issues. MIS Quarterly, 25(1), 107-136. https://doi.org/10.2307/3250961
- Ambrammal, S. K. , & Sharma, R. (2014). R&D and patenting by firms in India in high-and medium-high-technology industries. Journal of Chinese Economic and Business Studies, 12(2), 181-207. https://doi.org/10.1080/14765284.2014.900957
- Birkinshaw, J., Morrison, A., & Hulland, J. (1995). Structural and competitive determinants of a global inte-gration strategy. Strategic Management Journal, 16(8), 637-655.
- Braja, M., & Gemzik-Salwach, A. (2019). Competitiveness of high-tech sectors in the European Union: A comparative study. Journal of International Studies, 12(2). https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-8330.2019/12-2/13
- Braja, M., & Gemzik-Salwach, A. (2020). Competitiveness of high-tech exports in the EU countries. Journal of International Studies, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-8330.2020/13-1/23
- Carrillo-Carrillo, F. and Alcalde-Heras, H. (2020), Modes of innovation in an emerging economy: a firm-level analysis from Mexico. Innovation, 22(3), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1080/14479338.2020.1735395
- Chen, K. Y. , & Huan, T. C. (2020), Facilitating weaker firms’ market knowledge in asymmetric B2B relation-ship from structure, process, and strategy aspects–a case of travel industry. Journal of Knowledge Man-agement, 24(3), 697-716. https://doi.org/10.1108/JKM-01-2020-0017
- Chin, W. W. (1998), The Partial Least Squares Approach to Structural Equation Modeling. In G.A. Marcou-lides (ed.), Modern methods for business research (pp. 295-336). New York: Psychology Press.
- Cillo, P. (2005). Fostering market knowledge use in innovation: The role of internal brokers. European Man-agement Journal, 23(4), 404-412. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2005.06.008
- Cimatti, B. (2016). Definition, development, assessment of soft skills and their role for the quality of organi-zations and enterprises. International Journal for Quality Research, 10(1), 97-130. https://doi.org/10.18421/IJQR10.01-05
- Culot, G., Orzes, G., Sartor, M., & Nassimbeni, G. (2020). The future of manufacturing: A Delphi-based sce-nario analysis on Industry 4.0. Technological forecasting and social change, 157, 1-34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2020.120092
- Dasgupta, M., & Gupta, R. K. (2009). Innovation in organizations: A review of the role of organizational learning and knowledge management. Global Business Review, 10(2), 203-224. https://doi.org/10.1177/097215090901000205
- Day, D. (1991). Learning About Markets. In R. Deshpandé (ed.), Using Market Knowledge (pp. 9-29). Thou-sand Oaks: Sage.
- De Luca, L. M., & Atuahene-Gima, K. (2007). Market knowledge dimensions and cross-functional collabora-tion: Examining the different routes to product innovation performance. Journal of Marketing, 71(1), 95-112. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmkg.71.1.095
- Deshpande, R., Farley, U., & Webster F. (1993). Corporate culture, customer orientation, and innovativeness in Japanese firms: A quadrat analysis. Journal of Marketing, 57(1), 23-37. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmkg.71.1.095
- Distanont, A., Haapasalo, H., Vaananen, M., & Lehto, J. (2012). The engagement between knowledge trans-fer and requirements engineering. International Journal of Management, Knowledge and Learning, 1(2), 131-156.
- Du Plessis, M. (2007). The role of knowledge management in innovation. Journal of Knowledge Management, 11(4), 20-29. https://doi.org/10.1108/13673270710762684
- Eidizadeh, R., Salehzadeh, R., & Esfahani, A. C. (2017). Analysing the role of business intelligence, knowledge sharing and organisational innovation on gaining competitive advantage. Journal of Workplace Learning. 29(4), 250-267. https://doi.org/10.1108/JWL-07-2016-0070
- Eurostat (2018). Manufacturing statistics - NACE Rev. 2. Retrieved from: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Manufacturing_statistics_-_NACE_Rev._2&oldid=535185#Sectoral_analysis on January 15, 2022.
- Falk, R., & Miller, N. (1992). A Primer for Soft Modeling. Akron: University of Akron Press.
- Farooq, R. (2018). A conceptual model of knowledge sharing. International Journal of Innovation Science, 10(2), 238-260. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJIS-09-2017-0087
- Floyd, S. W., & Wooldridge, B. (1997). Middle management’s strategic influence and organizational perfor-mance. Journal of Management Studies, 34(3), 465-485. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-6486.00059
- Fonfara, K. (2009). Typologia zachowań firm w procesie internacjonalizacji. In K. Fonfara (ed.) Zachowanie przedsiębiorstwa w procesie internacjonalizacji. Podejście sieciowe (pp. 53-68). Warszawa: Polskie Wydawnictwo Ekonomiczne.
- Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378101800104
- Foss, N. J., Husted, K., & Michailova, S. (2010). Governing knowledge sharing in organizations: Levels of anal-ysis, governance mechanisms, and research directions. Journal of Management Studies, 47(3), 455-482. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6486.2009.00870.x
- Galindo-Rueda, F., & Verger, F. (2016), OECD Taxonomy of Economic Activities Based on R&D Intensity (Technology and Industry Working Papers, 4). Paris: OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/5jlv73sqqp8r-en
- Ghislieri, C. (2017). Verso la professione psicologica, tra confini incerti e trasformazioni possibili, Giornale italiano di psicologia, 44(3), 617-622.
- Gray, P. H. (2001). The impact of knowledge repositories on power and control in the workplace. Information Technology & People, 14(4), 368-384. https://doi.org/10.1108/09593840110411167
- Haas, A. (2015). Crowding at the frontier: boundary spanners, gatekeepers and knowledge brokers. Journal of Knowledge Management, 19(5), 1029-1047. https://doi.org/10.1108/JKM-01-2015-0036
- Hair, J. F., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2011). PLS-SEM: Indeed a silver bullet. Journal of Marketing theory and Practice, 19(2), 139-152. https://doi.org/10.2753/MTP1069-6679190202
- Hair, J. F., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2013). Partial least squares structural equation modeling: Rigorous applications, better results and higher acceptance. Long Range Planning, 46(1-2), 1-12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lrp.2013.01.001
- Hargadon, A., & Sutton, R. I. (1997). Technology brokering and innovation in a product development firm. Administrative Science Quarterly, 42(4), 716-749. https://doi.org/10.2307/2393655
- Hatzichronoglou, T. (1997). Revision of the High-Technology Sector and Product Classification (OECD, 1997/02). Paris: OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/050148678127
- Hendriks, P. (1999). Why share knowledge? The influence of ICT on the motivation for knowledge sharing. Knowledge and Process Management, 6(2), 91-100. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1441(199906)6:2<91::AID-KPM54>3.0.CO;2-M
- Henseler, J., Ringle, C.M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in vari-ance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115-135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-014-0403-8
- Hoe, S. L., & McShane, S. (2010). Structural and informal knowledge acquisition and dissemination in organi-zational learning. The Learning Organization, 17(4), 364-386. https://doi.org/10.1108/09696471011043117
- Hoe, S.L. (2008). Perceptions becoming reality: bridging the market knowledge gap. Development and Learn-ing in Organizations, 22(2), 18-19. https://doi.org/10.1108/14777280810850697
- Hooley, G., Cox, T., Fahy, J., Shipley, D., Beracs, J., Fonfara, K., & Snoj, B. (2000). Market Orientation in the Transition Economies of Central Europe: Tests of the Narver and Slater Market Orientation Scales. Jour-nal of Business Research, 50(3), 273-285. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0148-2963(99)00105-8
- Hou, J. J., & Chien, Y. T. (2010). The effect of market knowledge management competence on business per-formance: A dynamic capabilities perspective. International Journal of Electronic Business Management, 8(2), 96-109.
- Hu, S., Wang, X., & Zhang, B. (2020). Are all innovation modes beneficial to firms’ innovation performance? New findings from an emerging market. Chinese Management Studies, 14(4), 1015-1034. https://doi.org/10.1108/CMS-06-2019-0214
- Hulland, J. (1999). Use of partial least squares (PLS) in strategic management research: A review of four re-cent studies. Strategic Management Journal, 20(2), 195-204. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(199902)20:2<195::AID-SMJ13>3.0.CO;2-7
- Husted, K. and Michailova, S. (2002). Diagnosing and fighting knowledge-sharing hostility. Organizational Dynamics, 31(1), 60-73.
- Javdekar, C., Watson, E., Kapilow, V., Bograd, M., Boyer, P., Zeid, I., & Duggan, C. (2016). Closing the ad-vanced manufacturing talent gap. Procedia Manufacturing, 5, 1197-1207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2016.08.094
- Jaworski, B. J., & Kohli, A. K. (1993). Market orientation: antecedents and consequences. Journal of Market-ing, 57(3), 53-70. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224299305700304
- Jin, B., & Jung, S. (2016). Toward a deeper understanding of the roles of personal and business networks and market knowledge in SMEs’ international performance. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise De-velopment, 23(3), 812-830. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSBED-08-2015-0104
- Jin, J. L., Shu, C., & Zhou, K. Z. (2019). Product newness and product performance in new ventures: contin-gent roles of market knowledge breadth and tacitness. Industrial Marketing Management, 76, 231-241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2018.08.009
- Johnson, W. H., Piccolotto, Z., & Filippini, R. (2009). The impacts of time performance and market knowledge competence on new product success: an international study. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Manage-ment, 56(2), 219-228. https://doi.org/10.1109/TEM.2008.2009789
- Kane, A. A., Argote, L., & Levine, J. M. (2005). Knowledge transfer between groups via personnel rotation: Effects of social identity and knowledge quality. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 96(1), 56-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.obhdp.2004.09.002
- Kock, A., Gemünden, H. G., Salomo, S., & Schultz, C. (2011). The mixed blessings of technological innovative-ness for the commercial success of new products. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 28(1), 28-43. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5885.2011.00859.x
- Koohang, A., Paliszkiewicz, J., & Goluchowski, J. (2017). The impact of leadership on trust, knowledge man-agement, and organizational performance. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 117(3), 521-537. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMDS-02-2016-0072
- Kramer, D. M., & Cole, D. C. (2003). Sustained, intensive engagement to promote health and safety knowledge transfer to and utilization by workplaces. Science Communication, 25(1), 56-82. https://doi.org/10.1177/1075547003252334
- Lampón, J. F., & González-Benito, J. (2019). Backshoring and improved key manufacturing resources in firms’ home location. International Journal of Production Research, 58(20), 6268-6282. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2019.1676479
- Lauder, H., Brown, P., & Ashton, D. (2008). Globalisation, Skill Formation and the Varieties of Capitalism Approach. New Political Economy, 13(1), 19-35. https://doi.org/10.1080/13563460701859678
- Lee, C. K., & Al-Hawamdeh, S. (2002). Factors Impacting Knowledge Sharing. Journal of Information & Knowledge Management, 1(1), 49-56. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0219649202000169
- Lee, D. J., & Ahn, J. H. (2007). Reward systems for intra-organizational knowledge sharing. European Journal of Operational Research, 180(2), 938-956. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2006.03.052
- Lei, Y., & Zongsen, Z. (2017). Do exports firms outperform non-export ones? An empirical study on different classification of manufacturing industries in China. China Finance and Economic Review, 6(4), 78-98. https://doi.org/10.1515/cfer-2017-060405
- Leskiewicz Sandvik, I., & Sandvik, K. (2003). The impact of market orientation on product innovativeness and business performance. International journal of Research in Marketing, 20(4), 355-376. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijresmar.2003.02.002
- Lesser, E. L., & Prusak, L. (2004). Introduction. In E.L. Lesser, & L. Prusak (eds.), Creating value with knowledge: Insights from the IBM Institute for business value (pp. 3-7). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Li, T., & Calantone, R. J. (1998). The impact of market knowledge competence on new product advantage: conceptualization and empirical examination. Journal of Marketing, 62(4), 13-29. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224299806200402
- Liao, S. H., & Hu, T. C. (2007). Knowledge transfer and competitive advantage on environmental uncertainty: An empirical study of the Taiwan semiconductor industry. Technovation, 27(6-7), 402-411. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2007.02.005
- Lichtenthaler, U. (2008). Leveraging technology assets in the presence of markets for knowledge. European Management Journal, 26(2), 122-134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2007.09.002
- Lichtenthaler, U., & Lichtenthaler, E. (2010). Technology Transfer across Organizational Boundaries: Absorp-tive Capacity and Desorptive Capacity. California Management Review, 53(1), 154-170.
- Liebowitz J., & Yan C. (2004). Knowledge Sharing Proficiencies: The Key to Knowledge Management. In C.W. Holsapple (ed.) Handbook on Knowledge Management 1. International Handbooks on Information Sys-tems, vol 1. (pp. 409-424). New York: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-24746-3_21
- Lin, R. J., Che, R. H., & Ting, C. Y. (2012). Turning knowledge management into innovation in the high‐tech industry. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 112(1), 42-63. https://doi.org/10.1108/02635571211193635
- Moores, T. T., & Chang, J. C. J. (2006). Ethical Decision Making in Software Piracy: Initial Development and Test of a Four-Component Model. MIS Quarterly, 30(1), 167-180. https://doi.org/10.2307/25148722
- Narver, J. C., & Slater, S. F. (1990). The effect of a market orientation on business profitability. Journal of Marketing, 54(4), 20-35. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224299005400403
- Nguyen, T. M., Nham, T. P., Froese, F. J., & Malik, A. (2019). Motivation and knowledge sharing: a meta-analysis of main and moderating effects. Journal of Knowledge Management, 23(5), 998-1016. https://doi.org/10.1108/JKM-01-2019-0029
- O’Connor, C., & Kelly, S. (2017). Facilitating knowledge management through filtered big data: SME competi-tiveness in an agri-food sector. Journal of Knowledge Management, 21(1), 156-179. https://doi.org/10.1108/JKM-08-2016-0357
- Osta, A., & Maamari, B. (2020). Openness in research and development: co-patenting impact on break-through innovations in the pharmaceutical industry. International Journal of Business Innovation and Re-search, 21(3), 395-408. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJBIR.2020.105926
- Ouakouak, M. L., & Ouedraogo, N. (2019). Fostering knowledge sharing and knowledge utilization: the im-pact of organizational commitment and trust. Business Process Management Journal, 25(4), 757-779. https://doi.org/10.1108/BPMJ-05-2017-0107
- Oyemomi, O., Liu, S., Neaga, I., & Alkhuraiji, A. (2016). How knowledge sharing and business process con-tribute to organizational performance: Using the fsQCA approach. Journal of Business Research, 69(11), 5222-5227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2016.04.116
- Paliszkiewicz J., & Koohang, A. (2013). Organizational trust as a foundation for knowledge sharing and its influence on organizational performance. The Online Journal of Applied Knowledge Management, 1(2), 116-127.
- Piercy, G. L., & Steele, Z. (2016). The importance of social skills for the future of work. New Zealand Journal of Human Resources Management, Special Issue: ‘The Future of Work’, 16(1), 32–42.
- Rakthin, S., Calantone, R. J., & Wang, J. F. (2016). Managing market intelligence: The comparative role of absorptive capacity and market orientation. Journal of Business Research, 69(12), 5569-5577. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2016.03.064
- Razmerita, L., Kirchner, K., & Nielsen, P. (2016). What factors influence knowledge sharing in organizations? A social dilemma perspective of social media communication. Journal of knowledge Management, 20(6), 1225-1246. https://doi.org/10.1108/JKM-03-2016-0112
- Riege, A. (2005). Three‐dozen knowledge‐sharing barriers managers must consider. Journal of Knowledge Management, 9(3), 18-35. https://doi.org/10.1108/13673270510602746
- Ringle, C. M., Wende, S., & Becker, J.-M. (2015). “SmartPLS 3.”, Boenningstedt: SmartPLS GmbH. Retrieved from: http://www.smartpls.com on January 1, 2022.
- Rutten, W., Blaas-Franken, J., & Martin, H. (2016). The impact of (low) trust on knowledge sharing. Journal of Knowledge Management, 20(2), 199-214. https://doi.org/10.1108/JKM-10-2015-0391
- Sandu, S., & Ciocanel, B. (2014). Impact of R&D and Innovation on High-tech Export. Procedia Economics and Finance, 15, 80-90. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2212-5671(14)00450-X
- Scandura, A. (2019). The role of scientific and market knowledge in the inventive process: evidence from a survey of industrial inventors. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 44, 1029-1069. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10961-017-9643-3
- Schallock, B., Rybski, C., Jochem, R., & Kohl, H. (2018). Learning Factory for Industry 4.0 to provide future skills beyond technical training. Procedia Manufacturing, 23, 27-32.
- Schlegelmilch, B. B., & Penz, E. (2002). Knowledge management in marketing. The Marketing Review, 3(1), 5-19. https://doi.org/10.1362/146934702321477208
- Saide, S., Astuti, E. S., Indrajit, R. E., Trialih, R., Diniaty, A., Dewi, F., & Herzavina, H. (2019). What we give, we get back: Investigating the dimensions that influence knowledge sharing on profit enterprise in Indone-sia. Journal of Science and Technology Policy Management, 10(5), 1047-1062. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSTPM-06-2018-0056
- Slater, S. F., Olson, E. M., & Sørensen, H. E. (2012). Creating and exploiting market knowledge assets. Journal of Business Strategy, 33(4), 18-27. https://doi.org/10.1108/02756661211242672
- Smith, H., McKeen, J., & Singh, S. (2010). Creating the KM mindset: why is it so difficult?. Knowledge Man-agement Research & Practice, 8(2), 112-120. https://doi.org/10.1057/kmrp.2009.40
- Sorescu, A. B., Chandy, R. K., & Prabhu, J. C. (2003). Sources and Financial Consequences of Radical Innova-tion: Insights from Pharmaceuticals. Journal of Marketing, 67(4), 82-102. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmkg.67.4.82.18687
- Srhoj, S., Škrinjarić, B., & Radas, S. (2021). Bidding against the odds? The impact evaluation of grants for young micro and small firms during the recession. Small Business Economics, 56, 83-103. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-019-00200-6
- Szulanski, G. (1996). Exploring internal stickiness: Impediments to the transfer of best practice within the firm. Strategic Management Journal, 17(S2), 27-43. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250171105
- Tsai, W. (2001). Knowledge transfer in intraorganizational networks: Effects of network position and absorp-tive capacity on business unit innovation and performance. Academy of Management Journal, 44(5), 996-1004. https://doi.org/10.5465/3069443
- Tseng, S. M. (2009). A study on customer, supplier, and competitor knowledge using the knowledge chain model. International Journal of Information Management, 29(6), 488-496.
- van de Wetering, R. (2018). IT-enabled clinical decision support: an empirical study on antecedents and mechanisms. Journal of Healthcare Engineering, Article ID 6945498. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/6945498
- Van den Berg, W. E., Verbeke, W., Bagozzi, R. P., Worm, L., de Jong, A., & Nijssen, E. (2014). Salespersons as internal knowledge brokers and new products selling: Discovering the link to genetic makeup. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 31(4), 695-709. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpim.12156
- Vicari S., & Cillo P. (2006). Developing a Brokering Capacity within the Firm: The Enactment of Market Knowledge. In B. Renzl, K. Matzler, & H. Hinterhuber (eds)., The Future of Knowledge Management (pp. 184-204). London: Palgrave Macmillan.
- Villamizar, M. A., Cobo, A., & Rocha, R. (2017). Characterisation of the Manufacturing Sectors of High and Medium-High Technology Compared with Other Industrial Sectors. Journal of Technology Management & Innovation, 12(1), 39-48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0718-27242017000100005
- Wheelahan, L., & Moodie, G. (2011). Rethinking skills in vocational education and training: from competen-cies to capabilities. NSW Board of Vocational Education and Training, Sydney. Retrieved from: http://hdl.voced.edu.au/10707/186981 on February 1, 2021.
- Zander, U., & Kogut, B. (1995). Knowledge and the Speed of the Transfer and Imitation of Organizational Capabilities: An Empirical Test. Organization Science, 6(1), 76-92. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.6.1.76
- Zhou, K. Z., Yim, C. K., & Tse, D. K. (2005). The Effects of Strategic Orientations on Technology- and Market-Based Breakthrough Innovations, Journal of Marketing, 69(2), 42-60. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmkg.69.2.42.60756
- Xia, T., & Liu, X. (2017). Foreign competition, domestic competition and innovation in Chinese private high-tech new ventures. Journal of International Business Studies, 48(6), 716-739. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41267-017-0083-y