When does entrepreneurial bricolage mediate the effect of entrepreneurial orientation on new product development? The role of environmental dynamism as moderator
Abstract
Objective: The objective of the article is to investigate the environmental dynamism (ED) conditions for entrepreneurial bricolage (EB) to function as the mediator between entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and new product development (NPD).
Research Design & Methods: This research was conducted using the cross-sectional method surveying 258 entrepreneurs in West Java, while the mediation role of the variables was analysed through macro PROCESS for SPSS developed by An-drew F. Hayes (Hayes, 2018).
Findings: The results showed that the influence of entrepreneurial bricolage is weak as a direct or mediating variable when the environmental dynamism is high or strong but has a strong mediating effect when the environmental conditions are stable.
Implications & Recommendations: To add to the body of knowledge on entrepreneurship, this research investigated the role of environmental dynamism in the direct and mediating relationship between entrepreneurial bricolage and new product development.
Contribution & Value Added: The investigation of entrepreneurial bricolage at varying levels of environmental dynamism is expected to make a substantial contribution to the entrepreneurship literature.
Keywords
Entrepreneurial orientation; entrepreneurial bricolage; environmental dynamism; new product development; conditional analysis process
References
Adam, N.A., & Alarifi, G. (2021). Innovation practices for survival of small and medium enterprises ( SMEs) in the COVID-19 times: the role of external support. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 6(15). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-021-00156-6
Amankwah-Amoah, J., Danso, A., & Adomako, S. (2019). Entrepreneurial orientation, environmental sustainability and new venture performance: Does stakeholder integration matter?. Business Strategy and the Environment, 28(1), 79-87. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.2191
An, W., Rüling, C., Zheng, X., & Zhang, J. (2019). Configurations of effectuation, causation, and bricolage: implications for firm growth paths. Small Business Economics, 54(3), 843-864. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-019-00155-8 Configurations
An, W., Zhang, J., You, C., & Guo, Z. (2018). Entrepreneur’s creativity and firm-level innovation performance: bricolage as a mediator. Technology Analysis and Strategic Management, 30(7), 838-851. https://doi.org/10.1080/09537325.2017.1383979
An, W., Zhao, X., Cao, Z., Zhang, J., & Liu, H. (2018). How Bricolage Drives Corporate Entrepreneurship: The Roles of Opportunity Identification and Learning Orientation. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 35(1), 49-65. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpim.12377
Anwar, M., Clauss, T., & Basit, W. (2021). Entrepreneurial orientation and new venture performance in emerging markets: the mediating role of opportunity recognition. Review of Managerial Science. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11846-021-00457-w
Atuahene-gima, K., Li, H., & Luca, L.M. De. (2006). The contingent value of marketing strategy innovativeness for product development performance in Chinese new technology ventures. Industrial Marketing Management, 35(3), 359-372. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2005.05.017
Baker, T., & Nelson, R.E. (2005). Creating Something from Nothing: Resource Construction through Entrepreneurial Bricolage. Administrative Science Quarterly, 50(3), 329-366. https://doi.org/10.2189/asqu.2005.50.3.329
Baron, R.M., & Kenny, D.A. (1986). The Moderator-Mediator Variable Distinction in Social Psychological Research: Conceptual, Strategic, and Statistical Considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173-1182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmb.2016.01.023
Bechky, B.A., & Okhuysen, G.A. (2017). Expecting the Unexpected? How SWAT Officers and Film Crews Handle Surprises. Academy of Management Journal, 54(2), 239-261. https://doi.org/10.5465/AMJ.2011.60263060
Bouncken, R.B., Fredrich, V., Ritala, P., & Kraus, S. (2020). Value-creation-capture-equilibrium in new product development alliances: A matter of coopetition, expert power, and alliance importance. Industrial Marketing Management, 90, 648-662. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2020.03.019
Bouncken, R.B., Pluschke, B.D., Pesch, R., & Kraus, S. (2014). Entrepreneurial orientation in vertical alliances: joint product innovation and learning from allies. Review of Managerial Science, 10, 381-409. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11846-014-0150-8
Brettel, M., Chomik, C., & Flatten, T.C. (2014). How Organizational Culture Influences Innovativeness, Proactiveness, and Risk-Taking: Fostering Entrepreneurial Orientation in SMEs. Journal of Small Business Management. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsbm.12108
Busch, C., & Barkema, H. (2020). From necessity to opportunity: Scaling bricolage across resource-constrained environments. Strategic Management Journal, 42(4), 1-33. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.3237
Cooper, L.P. (2003). A research agenda to reduce risk in new product development through knowledge management: a practitioner perspective. Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, 20, 117-140. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0923-4748(03)00007-9
Covin, J.G., & Wales, W.J. (2019). Crafting High-Impact Entrepreneurial Orientation Research: Some Suggested Guidelines. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 43(1), 3-18. https://doi.org/10.1177/1042258718773181
Cuevas-Vargas, H., Parga-Montoya, N., & Fernández-Escobedo, R. (2019). Effects of Entrepreneurial Orientation on Business Performance: The Mediating Role of Customer Satisfaction—A Formative–Reflective Model Analysis. SAGE Open, 9(2), 2158244019859088. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244019859088
Cunha, M.P.e, Rego, A., Oliveira, P., Rosado, P., & Habib, N. (2014). Product Innovation in Resource-Poor Environments: Three Research Streams. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 31(2), 202-210. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpim.12090
Davidsson, P., Baker, T., & Senyard, J.M. (2017). A measure of entrepreneurial bricolage behavior. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Research, 23(1), 114-135. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-11-2015-0256
Desa, G. (2012). Resource Mobilization in International Social Entrepreneurship: Bricolage as a Mechanism of Institutional Transformation. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 36(4), 727-751. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2010.00430.x
Donbesuur, F., Boso, N., & Hultman, M. (2020). The effect of entrepreneurial orientation on new venture performance: Contingency roles of entrepreneurial actions. Journal of Business Research, 118(June), 150-161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.06.042
Fackler, D., Cchnabel, C., & Wagner, J. (2013). Establishment Exits in Germany: The Role of Size and Age. Small Business Economics, 41(3), 683-700.
Ferreras-Méndes, L.J., Olmos-pemuela, J., Salas-Vallina, A., & Alegre, J. (2021). Technovation Entrepreneurial orientation and new product development performance in SMEs: The mediating role of business model innovation. Technovation, 108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2021.102325
Fisher, G. (2012). Effectuation, Causation, and Bricolage: A Behavioral Comparison of Emerging Theories in Entrepreneurship Research. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 36(5), 1019-1051. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2012.00537.x
Gao, Y., Ge, B., Lang, X., & Xu, X. (2018). Technological Forecasting & Social Change Impacts of proactive orientation and entrepreneurial strategy on entrepreneurial performance : An empirical research. Technological Forecasting & Social Change, 135, 0-1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2017.11.019
Głodowska, A., Maciejewski, M., & Wach, K. (2019). How Entrepreneurial Orientation Stimulates Different Types of Knowledge in the Internationalisation Process of Firms from Poland?. Entrepreneurial Business and Economic Review, 7(1), 61-73. https://doi.org/10.15678/EBER.2019.070104
Guarana, C.L., & Hernandez, M. (2015). Identified ambivalence: When cognitive conflicts can help individuals overcome cognitive traps. Academy of Management Proceedings, 2015(1), 10397. https://doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2015.22
Gundry, L. K., Kickul, J. R., Griffiths, M. D., & Bacq, S. C. (2011). Creating Social Change Out of Nothing: The Role of Entrepreneurial Bricolage in Social Entrepreneurs’ Catalytic Innovations. In G. T. Lumpkin & J. A. Katz (Eds.), Social and Sustainable Entrepreneurship (Vol. 13, pp. 1-24). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1108/S1074-7540(2011)0000013005
Guo, Z., Zhang, J., & Gao, L. (2018). It is not a panacea! The conditional effect of bricolage in SME opportunity exploitation. R and D Management, 48(5), 603-614. https://doi.org/10.1111/radm.12325
Hair, J.F., Black, W.C., Babin, B.J., & Anderson, R.E. (2018). Multivariate Data Analysis (8th Editio). Cengage.
Hayes, A.F. (2012). PROCESS: A versatile computational tool for observed variable mediation, moderation, and conditional process modeling. White Paper, 1-39. https://doi.org/978-1-60918-230-4
Hayes, A.F. (2018). Introduction to Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process Analysis: A regression-Based Approach (Ed. 2). The Guilford Press.
Hayes, A.F., & Rockwood, N.J. (2020). Conditional Process Analysis: Concepts, Computation, and Advances in the Modeling of the Contingencies of Mechanisms. American Behavioral Scientist, 64(1), 19-54. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764219859633
Holland, S.J., Shore, D.B., & Cortina, J.M. (2017). Review and Recommendations for Integrating Mediation and Moderation. Organizational Research Methods, 20(4), 686-720. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094428116658958
Hooi, H.C., Ahmad, N.H., Amran, A., & Rahman, S.A. (2016). The functional role of entrepreneurial orientation and entrepreneurial bricolage in ensuring sustainable entrepreneurship. Management Research Review, 39(12), 1616-1638. https://doi.org/10.1108/MRR-06-2015-0144
Hota, P.K., Mitra, S., & Qureshi, I. (2019). Adopting Bricolage to Overcome Resource Constraints: The Case of Social Enterprises in Rural India. Management and Organization Review, 15(2), 371-402. https://doi.org/10.1017/mor.2019.19
Jahanshahi, A.A., & Brem, A. (2020). Entrepreneurs in post-sanctions Iran: Innovation or imitation under conditions of perceived environmental uncertainty?. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 37, 531-551. https://doi.org//10.1007/s10490-018-9618-4
Janssen, F., Fayolle, A., & Wuilaume, A. (2018). Researching bricolage in social entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, 30(3-4), 450-470. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985626.2017.1413769
Karami, M., Ojala, A., & Saarenketo, S. (2020). Entrepreneurial orientation and international opportunity development by SMEs: The mediating role of decision-making logic. Journal of Small Business Management, 00(00), 1-29. https://doi.org/10.1080/00472778.2020.1824529
Kim, K., Li, F., Yoo, J.W., & Kim, C.Y. (2020). The Relationships among Environments , External Knowledge Acquisition, and Innovation. Sustainability, 12, 1-23. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12145541
Kuckertz, A., Brändle, L., Gaudig, A., Hinderer, S., Reyes, C.A.M., Prochotta, A., Steinbrink, K.M., & Berger, E.S. (2020). Startups in times of crisis – A rapid response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Business Venturing Insights, 13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbvi.2020.e00169
Kwong, C.C.Y., Cheung, C.W.M., Manzoor, H., & Rashid, M.U. (2019). Entrepreneurship through Bricolage: a study of displaced entrepreneurs at times of war and conflict. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, 31(5-6), 435-455. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985626.2018.1541592
Kwong, C., Tasavori, M., & Wun-mei Cheung, C. (2017). Bricolage, collaboration and mission drift in social enterprises. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, 29(7-8), 609-638. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985626.2017.1328904
Langevang, T., & Namatovu, R. (2019). Social bricolage in the aftermath of war. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, 31(9-10), 785-805. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985626.2019.1595743
Lévi-Strauss, C. (1984). The savage mind totalizes. Man and World, 17(2), 157-174. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01248674
Liu, Y., & Wang, M. (2022). Entrepreneurial orientation, new product development and firm performance: the moderating role of legitimacy in Chinese high-tech SMEs. European Journal of Innovation Management, 25(1), 130-149. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJIM-05-2020-0204
Lumpkin, G.T., & Dess, G.G. (1996). Clarifying the entrepreneurial orientation construct and linking it to performance. Academy of Management Review, 21(1), 172. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1996.9602161568
Lumpkin, G.T., & Dess, G.G. (2001). Linking two dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation to firm performance: the moderating role of environment and industry life cycle. Journal, 16(5), 429-451. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0883-9026(00)00048-3
Ma, C., Gu, J., & Liu, H. (2017). Entrepreneurs’ passion and new venture performance in China. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 13(96), 1043-1068. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11365-017-0435-x
Ma, T., & Yang, S. (2021). Impact of entrepreneurial orientation on the performance of new ventures in China: the roles of entrepreneurial bricolage and opportunity recognition. Chinese Management Studies. https://doi.org/10.1108/CMS-11-2020-0478
Malsch, F., & Guieu, G. (2019). How to get more with less? Scarce resources and high social ambition: effectuation as KM tool in social entrepreneurial projects. Journal of Knowledge Management, 23(10), 1949-1964. https://doi.org/10.1108/JKM-12-2018-0745
Memon, M.A., Cheah, J., Ramayah, T., Ting, H., & Chuah, F. (2018). Mediation Analysis Issues and Recomendations. Journal of Applied Structural Equation Modeling, 2(1).
Miller, D., & Friesen, P.H. (1978). Archetypes of Strategy Formulation. Management Science, 24(9). https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.24.9.921
Mohammadi, S. (2021). The relationship between individual entrepreneurial orientation (IEO) and entrepreneurial bricolage: exploring passion and perseverance. Asia Pacific Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 15(1), 75-86. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJIE-01-2021-0002
Moreno-Moya, M., & Munuera-Aleman, J.L. (2016). Launching Speed on New Product Performance: An Analysis in SMEs. Journal OfSmall Business Management, 54(2), 750-770. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsbm.12170
Mu, J., Thomas, E., Peng, G., & Di Benedetto, A. (2017). Strategic orientation and new product development performance: The role of networking capability and networking ability. Industrial Marketing Management, 64, 187-201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2016.09.007
Musona, J., Sjögrén, H., Puumalainen, K., & Syrjä, P. (2020). Bricolage in environmental entrepreneurship : How environmental innovators “make do” at the bottom of the pyramid. Business Strategy and Development, 3(4), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1002/bsd2.112
Nor-Aishah, H., Ahmad, N.H., & Thurasamy, R. (2020). Entrepreneurial leadership and sustainable performance of manufacturing SMEs in Malaysia: The contingent role of entrepreneurial bricolage. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(8), 3100. https://doi.org/10.3390/SU12083100
Nunnally, J.C., & Bernstein, I.H. (1994). Psychometric Theory (3rd ed.). McGraw-Hill.
Oghazi, B.N., & Hultman, M. (2017). International Entrepreneurial Orientation and Regional Expansion. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development.
Patel, P.C., Kohtamäki, M., & Parida, V. (2015). Orientation-as-experimentation and firm performance: the enabling role of absorptive capacity. Strategic Management Journal, April 2013. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj
Phillimore, J., Bradby, H., Knecht, M., Padilla, B., & Pemberton, S. (2019). Bricolage as conceptual tool for understanding access to healthcare in superdiverse populations. Social Theory and Health, 17(2), 231-252. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41285-018-0075-4
Preacher, K.J., & Hayes, A.F. (2004). SPSS and SAS procedures for estimating indirect effects in simple mediation models. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 36(4), 717-731. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcp.28952
Rezaei, J., & Ortt, R. (2018). Entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance: the mediating role of functional performances. Management Research Review, 41(7), 878-900. https://doi.org/10.1108/MRR-03-2017-0092
Salunke, S., Weerawardena, J., & Mccoll-kennedy, J.R. (2013). Competing through service innovation: The role of bricolage and entrepreneurship in project-oriented firms. Journal of Business Research, 66(8), 1085-1097. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2012.03.005
Santos, L.L., Borini, M.F., Oliveira Jr, M. de M., Rossetto, D.E., & Bernades, R.C. (2020). Bricolage as capability for frugal innovation in emerging markets in times of crisis. European Journal of Innovation Managemen. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJIM-06-2020-0225
Scott, R.W., & Davis, F.G. (2007). Organizations And Organizing: Rational, Natural, adn Open System Perspectives (1st ed.). Pearson Education, Inc.
Senyard, J., Baker, T., Steffens, P., & Davidsson, P. (2015). Bricolage as a Path to Innovativeness for Resource-Constrained New Firms. Journal of Product Innovation Managemen, 31(2), 211-230. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpim.12091
Seo, E., Kim, C., & Kim, K. (2020). A Study on the Mechanisms Linking Environmental Dynamism to Innovation Performance. Sustainability, 12, 2-21. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12239999
Servantie, V., & Rispal, M.H. (2018). Bricolage, effectuation, and causation shifts over time in the context of social entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 30(3), 310-335. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985626.2017.1413774
Sheng, S., Zhou, K.Z., & Lessassy, L. (2013). NPD speed vs innovativeness: The contingent impact of institutional and market environments. Journal of Business Research, 66(11), 2355-2362. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2012.04.018
Simba, A., Ojong, N., & Kuk, G. (2020). Bricolage and MSEs in emerging economies. The International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 22(2), 112-123. https://doi.org/10.1177/1465750320969621
Sivathanu, B., & Pillai, R. (2020). An empirical study on entrepreneurial bricolage behavior for sustainable enterprise performance of startups: Evidence from an emerging economy. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies, 12(1), 34-57. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEEE-01-2019-0009
Smith, D.J., & Blundel, R.K. (2014). Improvisation and entrepreneurial bricolage versus rationalisation: A case-based analysis of contrasting responses to economic instability in the UK brass musical instruments industry. In Journal of General Management; 40(1), 53-78. https://doi.org/10.1177/030630701404000104
Srivastava, S., & Agrawal, S. (2020). Resistance to change and turnover intention: a moderated mediation model of burnout and perceived organizational support. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 33(7), 1431-1447. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOCM-02-2020-0063
Su, B.Z., Xie, E., & Wang, D. (2015). Entrepreneurial Orientation, Managerial Networking, and New Venture Performance in China. Journal of Small Business Management, 53(1), 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsbm.12069
Su, Z., Yang, J., & Wang, Q. (2020). The Effects of Top Management Team Heterogeneity and Shared Vision on Entrepreneurial Bricolage in New Ventures: An Attention-Based View. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 1-14.
Tajeddini, K., & Mueller, S. (2018). Moderating Effect of Environmental Dynamism on the Relationship between a Firm’s Entrepreneurial Orientation and Financial. Entrepreneurship Research Journal, 9(4), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1515/erj-2018-0283
Tasavori, M., Kwong, C., & Pruthi, S. (2018). Resource bricolage and growth of product and market scope in social enterprises. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, 30(3-4), 336-361. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985626.2017.1413775
Vanevenhoven, J., Winkel, D., Malewicki, D., Dougan, W. L., & Bronson, J. (2011). Varieties of bricolage and the process of entrepreneurship. New England Journal of Entrepreneurship, 14(2), 53-66. https://doi.org/10.1108/NEJE-14-02-2011-B005
Wales, W.J. (2016). Entrepreneurial orientation: A review and synthesis of promising research directions. International Small Business Journal, 34(1), 3-15. https://doi.org/10.1177/0266242615613840
Walheiser, D., Schwens, C., & Engelen, A. (2019). Strategic Planning and Firm Performance in SMEs: The Moderating Effects of Bricolage and Structure. Academy of Management Proceedings, 2019(1), 14783. https://doi.org/10.5465/AMBPP.2019.14783abstract
Wang, C.L. (2008). Entrepreneurial Orientation, Learning Orientation, and Firm Performance. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 32(4), 635-657. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2008.00246.x
Wang, X., Yu, X., & Meng, X. (2021). Entrepreneurial Bricolage and New Product Development Performance in New Ventures : The Contingent Effects of Founding Team Involvement. Entrepreneurship Research Journal, 1-27.
Wijbenga, F.H., & van Witteloostuijn, A. (2007). Entrepreneurial locus of control and competitive strategies – The moderating effect of environmental dynamism. Journal of Economic Psychology, 28, 566-589. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joep.2007.04.003
Wu, J., Wang, S., & Lin, L. (2007). Mobile Computing Acceptance Factors in The Healthcare Industry: A Structural Equation Model. International Journal of Medical Information, 6, 66-77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2006.06.006
Wu, L., Liu, H., & Zhang, J. (2017). Bricolage effects on new-product development speed and creativity: The moderating role of technological turbulence. Journal of Business Research, 70, 127-135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2016.08.027
Xiang, Q., Zhang, J., & Liu, H. (2020). Organisational improvisation as a path to new opportunity identification for incumbent firms: an organisational learning view. Innovation, 22(4), 422-446. https://doi.org/10.1080/14479338.2020.1713001
Yang, J., Pu, B., & Guan, Z. (2019). Entrepreneurial leadership and turnover intention of employees: The role of affective commitment and person-job fit. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(13). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16132380
Yi, H., Amenuvor, F.E., & Boateng, H. (2021). The Impact of Entrepreneurial Orientation on New Product Creativity, Competitive Advantage and New Product Performance in SMEs: The Moderating Role of Corporate Life Cycle. Sustainability, 13(6). https://doi.org/10.3390/su13063586
Yu, X., Li, Y., Chen, D.Q., Meng, X., & Tao, X. (2019). Entrepreneurial bricolage and online store performance in emerging economies. Electronic Markets, 29(2), 167-185. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12525-018-0312-7
Yu, X., & Wang, X. (2021). The effects of entrepreneurial bricolage and alternative resources on new venture capabilities: Evidence from China. Journal of Business Research, 137, 527-537. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.08.063
Zhao, C., Gao, F., & Wang, F. (2010). An Improved Independent Component Regression Modeling and Quantitative Calibration Procedure. AIChE Journal, 56(6), 215-228. https://doi.org/10.1002/aic
Zhao, Yapu, Liu, D., Zhang, W., & Chen, S. (2022). Top management service commitment and new product development in manufacturing firms: the moderating role of dysfunctional competition. Journal of Business and Industrial Marketing, 37(1), 14-28. https://doi.org/10.1108/JBIM-04-2020-0199
Zhao, Yushan, Cavusgil, E., & Cavusgil, S.T. (2014). An investigation of the black-box supplier integration in new product development. Journal of Business Research, 67(6), 1058-1064. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2013.06.006
Zhenduo, Z. (2015). Entrepreneurial Orientation, Entrepreneurial Bricolage and New Firm Performance: Empirical Research of a Moderating Effect Model. Management Review, 27(11), 57-65. Retrieved from http://journal05.magtech.org.cn/jweb_glpl/EN/abstract/abstract354.shtml on December 20, 2022.
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Indonesia
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4128-4869

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a CC BY-4.0 licence that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are asked to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) only the final version of the article, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access). We advise using any of the following research society portals: